How to Build Steps into a Retaining Wall

Building steps into a retaining wall provides two perks: functionality and an aesthetically pleasing result. But the downside is it’s not always so straightforward to implement, especially if you’re not an expert in landscaping. 

This guide will walk you through the process that professionals use, from planning to finish. By the end, you’ll have a better understanding of how we create long-lasting, eye-pleasing retaining wall steps for your yard!

Planning and Prep for Retaining Wall Project

Like anything, before you start your retaining wall project, planning is a must. Here’s what we recommend thinking about first:

1. Check with your local council for any permits or approvals required. As of 2024, most of Australia requires council approval for retaining walls over 1 metre high.
2. Based on the height of your wall, work out how many steps or retaining wall blocks you need. Each step should have a rise of 150-190mm and a tread depth of 300mm.
3. Choose your materials. Retaining wall steps work best as blocks, as they’re versatile and easy to install for DIY enthusiasts.

4. Gather your tools and equipment:

• Shovel
• Level
• String line
• Tape measure
• Hammer
• Chisel
• Safety gear (gloves, eye protection, steel-toed boots)

Now you have your plan and materials, you can start laying the foundation.

Laying the Foundation of Your Retaining Wall Steps

A solid foundation is key to the longevity and stability of your steps. Here’s how to do it:

1. Excavate the area where your steps will go and remove any grass, roots, or debris. The depth should be deep enough for a compacted base of at least 100mm. The installation process is straightforward and can be easily followed for a successful DIY project.
2. Add and compact a layer of gravel or crushed rock for a stable base, about 100mm thick. This prevents settling and improves drainage. Ensure proper filling of the base by using a steel bar to hand-vibrate the material, enhancing the stability of your steps.
3. Install a perforated drainage pipe behind the base course of your retaining wall to prevent water accumulation. The pipe should have a 1:100 fall and be vented to daylight. Proper drainage extends the life of your steps and prevents erosion.
4. Lay your first course of blocks or sleepers, and use a level to make sure they are even side to side and front to back. A string line helps keep everything aligned for a professional look.

From here, you can start building the retaining wall steps.

Building the Retaining Wall Steps with Stair Treads

Building the actual steps is a straightforward process once the foundation is done:

1. Start laying your step risers at the base of your retaining wall. You can also use a retaining wall block to do this. Each riser should be about 150-190mm high. Take your time to make sure each riser is level and aligned. Ensure all the step units are properly placed and supported for enhanced stability.
2. Fill the area behind each riser with gravel or crushed rock for drainage and compact it well. This prevents water from accumulating behind the steps, which could cause them to shift or deteriorate over time. Ensure proper filling to enhance stability.
3. Continue laying risers and backfill until you reach your desired height. Check for level and alignment regularly to keep it looking professional.
4. Install your step treads, overhanging the risers by about 30mm. Depending on your look and budget, you can use pavers, stone, or timber for your treads. Choosing the right stair tread is crucial for the overall design and functionality.
5. Secure your treads with concrete adhesive to prevent movement. This extra step will help your steps withstand heavy use and time.

As you build, remember to work safely. Wear the right safety gear, use proper lifting techniques and be careful when using tools like chisels and hammers. If you’re unsure about any part of the project, don’t hesitate to consult a professional like Trinity Landscape & Sports, who can carry out the entire task for you.

Finishing Touches with Concrete Adhesive

Now that you have built your steps, it’s time to add the finishing touches to blend in with your landscaping. These steps will help you create beautiful and practical stairs that enhance both the look and functionality of your outdoor space:

1. Fill the gaps between your steps and the retaining wall with gravel or crushed rock for extra stability and drainage. This prevents soil from washing away and keeps your steps in place. This method ensures the creation of practical stairs that are both stable and easy to maintain.
2. If using timber, apply a protective sealant to prevent weathering and extend the life of your steps. Maintenance like resealing every few years will keep your timber steps looking great.
3. Consider adding low-voltage lighting to your steps for safety and ambience. Lighting makes your steps safer to navigate at night and creates a warm and inviting atmosphere in your outdoor space.
4. Plant greenery around your retaining wall steps to soften their look and integrate them into your yard. Choose plants suitable for your local climate and the style of your steps and retaining wall.

These finishing touches will transform your retaining wall steps from functional to fantastic, something you’ll enjoy for years to come.

Quick Tips

• Check with your local council for permits and approvals before you start.
• Use durable materials that fit your budget and style.
• Create a solid foundation by excavating, compacting and installing drainage.
• Build your steps by laying risers, backfilling with gravel and installing treads with adhesive.
• Add finishing touches like landscaping and lighting to blend your steps into your yard.
• Always work safely by wearing the right gear and using proper techniques.

Remember that this type of project does require accuracy and careful attention to detail. If you’re unsure of any step, we highly recommend you enlist the help of an expert landscaper instead. Contact us now for a free quote on retaining wall steps for your yard.